Abstract:As an ultra-high temperature material, Hafnium boride (HfB2) exhibits excellent antioxidant properties which have been widely used in the field of wear-resistant coatings and aviation. Among the many factors, the purity is a key factor that affects its application. In this work, the sintering process was used to prepare hafnium boride powder, and the crystal properties, morphology and element distribution of the powder were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The effects of boron source and mixing method on the structure of hafnium boride powder were studied. The content of impurities such as C and O were detected, and the purity of hafnium boride was calculated by the subtraction method. The results showed that B4C as the source of boron and the mechanically mixed hafnium boride possess the best performance. Only the crystallization peaks of hafnium boride were found in XRD, and the morphology of hafnium boride in SEM was closely aggregated. The impurity content was detected by chemical analysis, and the purity of the hafnium boride calculated by difference subtraction was 98.19%.